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3. Law of Multiple Proportions:

The first two laws had been known before John Dalton proposed his Atomic theory, in which he explained them based on atomic scale of matter and described the third law as the law of multiple proportion. It states that when two elements (e.g A and B) combine to form more than one compound, the different masses of A which separately combine with a fixed mass of B, do so in simple ratio. This explains what happens when two elements form more than one compound.

i.e A+B = BA+A2B, (This means that A1/A2 is in a small whole number)

For instance, nitrogen and oxygen can combine with each other to form the following compounds: NO, NO2, N2O3, N2O4 and N2O5. The simple ratios of oxygen which combines with a fix mass of nitrogen AR 1:2:3:4:5.